Clima familiar e sintomatologia ansiosa e depressiva em adolescentes: Qual o papel da resiliência?
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Data
2018
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A literatura tem realçado o impacto do clima familiar e da resiliência no desenvolvimento de
sintomatologia psicopatológica na adolescência. Este estudo exploratório, com um desenho
quantitativo transversal e com recurso a uma amostra de 124 adolescentes (15-18 anos),
pretende analisar: a relação entre coesão, conflito, resiliência e sintomatologia ansiosa e
depressiva; as diferenças na coesão, conflito, resiliência e sintomatologia ansiosa e
depressiva, em função do género e do tipo de família em que os adolescentes coabitam; se a
perceção da qualidade do clima familiar é preditora da sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa e o
papel da resiliência enquanto mediador destas relações. Os resultados indicaram que o género
feminino apresenta níveis mais elevados de sintomatologia ansiosa e depressiva, em
comparação com o género masculino. Os resultados dos modelos de equações estruturais
mostraram que: a perceção da qualidade do clima familiar prediz a sintomatologia depressiva
e ansiosa; e a perseverança tem um papel mediador da relação entre a perceção da qualidade
do clima familiar e a sintomatologia depressiva, mas não da relação entre a perceção da
qualidade do clima familiar e a sintomatologia ansiosa. Os resultados sugerem que a
perseverança pode constituir-se como um fator de proteção da sintomatologia depressiva,
perante a vivência num clima familiar conflituoso e hostil, contribuindo para o bem-estar
psicológico dos adolescentes. Este estudo tem implicações para a literatura relacionada com
adolescentes, psicopatologia e família, ao relevar o impacto de variáveis individuais e
relacionais no desenvolvimento de sintomatologia ansiosa e depressiva na adolescência.
The literature has highlighted the impact of family climate and resilience on the development of psychological symptomatology in adolescence. This exploratory study, with a crosssectional quantitative design and using a sample of 124 adolescents (15-18 years old), aims to analyze: the relationship between cohesion, conflict, resilience and anxious and depressive symptomatology; differences in cohesion, conflict, resilience, and anxious and depressive symptomatology, depending on the gender and type of family in which adolescents cohabit; if the perception of the quality of the family climate is a predictor of the depressive and anxious symptomatology and the role of the resilience as mediator of these relations. The results indicated that the female gender has higher levels of anxious and depressive symptomatology when compared with the male gender. The results of the structural equation models showed that: the perception of the quality of the family climate predicts the depressive and anxious symptomatology; and perseverance plays a mediating role in the relationship between the perception of the quality of the family climate and the depressive symptomatology, but not the relationship between the perception of the quality of the family climate and the anxious symptomatology. The results suggest that perseverance may constitute a protective factor for depressive symptomatology when face a conflictive and hostile family climate, contributing to the psychological well-being of adolescents. This study has implications for the literature related to adolescents, psychopathology and family, by highlighting the impact of individual and relational variables in the development of anxious and depressive symptomatology in adolescence.
The literature has highlighted the impact of family climate and resilience on the development of psychological symptomatology in adolescence. This exploratory study, with a crosssectional quantitative design and using a sample of 124 adolescents (15-18 years old), aims to analyze: the relationship between cohesion, conflict, resilience and anxious and depressive symptomatology; differences in cohesion, conflict, resilience, and anxious and depressive symptomatology, depending on the gender and type of family in which adolescents cohabit; if the perception of the quality of the family climate is a predictor of the depressive and anxious symptomatology and the role of the resilience as mediator of these relations. The results indicated that the female gender has higher levels of anxious and depressive symptomatology when compared with the male gender. The results of the structural equation models showed that: the perception of the quality of the family climate predicts the depressive and anxious symptomatology; and perseverance plays a mediating role in the relationship between the perception of the quality of the family climate and the depressive symptomatology, but not the relationship between the perception of the quality of the family climate and the anxious symptomatology. The results suggest that perseverance may constitute a protective factor for depressive symptomatology when face a conflictive and hostile family climate, contributing to the psychological well-being of adolescents. This study has implications for the literature related to adolescents, psychopathology and family, by highlighting the impact of individual and relational variables in the development of anxious and depressive symptomatology in adolescence.
Descrição
Orientação: Ana Prioste
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA E DA SAÚDE, PSICOLOGIA, FAMÍLIA, FAMÍLIAS MONOPARENTAIS, ADOLESCÊNCIA, DEPRESSÃO, RESILIÊNCIA, PSYCHOLOGY, FAMILY, SINGLE PARENT FAMILIES, ADOLESCENCE, DEPRESSION, RESILIENCE