Trajetórias de vida e reclusão : estudo qualitativo com agressores sexuais
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2020
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A investigação com os agressores sexuais tem procurando identificar fatores explicativos para o crime, proceder à sua tipificação, bem como encontrar especificidades que os distingam. Na sua maioria, os estudos são de natureza quantitativa, sendo escassos os estudos que procurem compreender a sua trajetória de vida a partir do autorrelato da sua história, que permita entender como constroem a sua história de vida, a sua identidade e como integram o passado, presente e futuro. Considerando que os crimes sexuais possuem uma grande conotação negativa e quem os pratica é alvo de estigmatização social e alarmismo, é importante compreender como é que os ofensores sexuais integram isto na sua história de vida e na construção da sua identidade. Assim, o presente trabalho procura adaptar uma abordagem narrativa na compreensão dos diferentes ofensores sexuais, contrastando as narrativas dos abusadores com a dos violadores, das mulheres ofensoras com a dos homens ofensores e dos ofensores que têm indicadores de psicopatologia e os que não têm tais indicadores. Administrou-se individualmente a Entrevista de História de Vida de McAdams a 11 participantes condenados por crimes sexuais, procedendo-se à análise narrativa dos dados. Os resultados indicam diferenças no relato entre os diferentes ofensores mas, na sua globalidade, identificam uma narrativa que se centra nas experiências familiares precoces adversas e que nenhum participante reconhece ter perpetrado o crime sexual. Identifica-se uma narrativa comum, a narrativa da adversidade e dissociação/negação do crime. No entanto, desta narrativa, emergem duas narrativas distintas: a narrativa da adversidade resiliente e a narrativa da adversidade sofredora/vitimizadora, sendo a primeira mais veiculada pelas mulheres ofensoras e a segunda pelos homens ofensores. Discutem-se as implicações destes resultados em termos de intervenção.
The investigation with sexual offenders has the means to identify explanatory factors for the crime, to proceed with it’s classification, and to find specificities of what distinguishes it. Most studies are of a quantitative nature, with few studies that seek to understand their life trajectory based on the self-report of their history, which allows them to understand how they build their life history, their identity and how they integrate the past. , present and future. Considering that sexual crimes have a great negative connotation and those who practice them are subject to social stigmatization and alarmism, it’s important to understand how sexual offenders integrate this in their life history and in the construction of their identity. The present work seeks to adapt a narrative approach in the understanding of different sexual offenders, contrasting the narratives of abusers with those of rapists, of women offenders with that of male offenders and of those who have psychopathology indicators and those who don’t. The McAdams Life Story Interview was administered individually to 11 participants convicted of sexual crimes, proceeding to a narrative analysis of the data. The results indicate differences in the report between the different offenders, but, overall, they identify a narrative that focuses on adverse early family experiences and that no participant acknowledges having perpetrated sexual crime. However, from this narrative, two distinct narratives emerge: the narrative of resilient adversity and the narrative of suffering/victimizing adversity, the first of which is carried by the offending women and the second by the offending men. The implications of these results in terms of intervention are discussed.
The investigation with sexual offenders has the means to identify explanatory factors for the crime, to proceed with it’s classification, and to find specificities of what distinguishes it. Most studies are of a quantitative nature, with few studies that seek to understand their life trajectory based on the self-report of their history, which allows them to understand how they build their life history, their identity and how they integrate the past. , present and future. Considering that sexual crimes have a great negative connotation and those who practice them are subject to social stigmatization and alarmism, it’s important to understand how sexual offenders integrate this in their life history and in the construction of their identity. The present work seeks to adapt a narrative approach in the understanding of different sexual offenders, contrasting the narratives of abusers with those of rapists, of women offenders with that of male offenders and of those who have psychopathology indicators and those who don’t. The McAdams Life Story Interview was administered individually to 11 participants convicted of sexual crimes, proceeding to a narrative analysis of the data. The results indicate differences in the report between the different offenders, but, overall, they identify a narrative that focuses on adverse early family experiences and that no participant acknowledges having perpetrated sexual crime. However, from this narrative, two distinct narratives emerge: the narrative of resilient adversity and the narrative of suffering/victimizing adversity, the first of which is carried by the offending women and the second by the offending men. The implications of these results in terms of intervention are discussed.
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Orientação: Ana Rita Conde
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MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA DA JUSTIÇA, PSICOLOGIA, RECLUSÃO, AGRESSORES SEXUAIS, NARRATIVA, IDENTIDADE , HISTÓRIAS DE VIDA, PSYCHOLOGY, PRISON, SEXUAL AGGRESSORS, NARRATIVE, IDENTITY, LIFE STORIES